physiworld

Motion and Friction

When you push or pull an object, you set it in motion! This is called applying force to an object. The force that is applied is then slowed down depending on the opposite force called friction.

Friction opposes the movement and works to slow the object down!

When friction is involved, the actual net acceleration can be calculated by subtracting the frictional force from the total force:

\[ a = \frac{F - \mu \cdot m \cdot g}{m} \]

\( F \) is the total force applied.
\( \mu \) is the coefficient of friction.
\( m \) is the object's mass.
\( g \) is gravitational acceleration.
\( a \) is the resulting acceleration after friction is considered.

Problem: What is the acceleration if \( F = 60\,\text{N} \), \( m = 5\,\text{kg} \), \( \mu = 0.2 \), and \( g = 9.8\,\text{m/s}^2 \)?

Solution:
\( \mu m g = 0.2\cdot 5\cdot 9.8 = 9.8\,\text{N} \)
\( F_\text{net} = 60 - 9.8 = 50.2\,\text{N} \)
\( a = \dfrac{F_\text{net}}{m} = \dfrac{50.2}{5} = 10.04\,\text{m/s}^2 \approx \mathbf{10.0\,\text{m/s}^2} \)

Friction Challenge

A box with a mass of 5 kg is pulled across a horizontal surface by a force of 60 N. The coefficient of friction between the box and the surface is 0.2.

What is the net acceleration?

m/s²

How do Newton's Laws apply to real life?

SCORE:

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